The Samyukta Kisan Morcha (SKM), an umbrella organization comprising numerous farmer unions from across India, has announced its decision to gherao the Punjab Assembly on March 26. This action is part of a broader strategy aimed at pressing the government to meet their long-standing demands and addressing issues that have significantly impacted the agricultural community.

Background of the Samyukta Kisan Morcha

The SKM was formed in 2020 during the widespread farmers’ protests against the controversial farm laws introduced by the Indian government. These laws were seen as a threat to the Minimum Support Price (MSP) system and feared to leave farmers at the mercy of large corporations. The movement gained massive support, especially from farmers in Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh, leading to the eventual repeal of the laws in 2021. However, the SKM has continued to advocate for farmers’ rights, focusing on issues such as legal guarantees for MSP, debt relief, and comprehensive agricultural reforms.

Reasons Behind the Gherao

The decision to gherao the Punjab Assembly stems from multiple unresolved grievances that farmers in Punjab and other states continue to face. Key among these are:

1. Legal Guarantee for MSP: Despite the repeal of the farm laws, the demand for a legal guarantee on MSP remains unmet. Farmers argue that without such a guarantee, they are vulnerable to market fluctuations and exploitation by middlemen.
2. Debt Relief: Many farmers are burdened with heavy debts due to rising input costs and falling incomes. The lack of comprehensive debt relief policies has pushed some farmers to the brink of financial collapse.
3. Compensation for Crop Damage: Unseasonal rains, pest infestations, and other natural calamities have led to significant crop losses. Farmers are demanding adequate compensation and support from the government.
4. Implementation of Swaminathan Commission Recommendations: The SKM is pushing for the full implementation of the recommendations made by the National Commission on Farmers, chaired by M.S. Swaminathan. These recommendations include fair pricing, improved infrastructure, and enhanced support for small and marginal farmers.
5. Withdrawal of Cases Against Protesters: During the 2020-21 protests, numerous cases were filed against farmers and activists. The SKM is calling for the withdrawal of these cases and the release of those who were arrested.

The Strategy Behind the Gherao

A gherao is a form of protest where demonstrators surround a target location, preventing entry and exit. By choosing the Punjab Assembly as their target, the SKM aims to directly pressure the state legislators to address their demands. This strategy is intended to draw public attention to the plight of farmers and compel political leaders to take concrete action.

The SKM has emphasized that the gherao will be peaceful and disciplined, following the principles of non-violence that have characterized their previous protests. Farmer leaders have called on participants to maintain unity and avoid any actions that could lead to confrontation with law enforcement agencies.

Support and Opposition

The SKM’s call for the gherao has received widespread support from various farmer unions, social activists, and political groups that sympathize with the farmers’ cause. Several opposition parties in Punjab have expressed solidarity with the protest, criticizing the ruling government for failing to address farmers’ concerns.

However, the Punjab government and law enforcement agencies have raised concerns about potential disruptions to public order. Security measures are expected to be heightened around the Assembly, and efforts will be made to facilitate dialogue with farmer leaders to prevent escalation.

Impact on Punjab’s Political Landscape

The gherao is likely to have significant political ramifications, especially with the upcoming elections in Punjab. The farmers’ movement has already played a pivotal role in shaping public opinion and influencing electoral outcomes in previous elections. By mobilizing thousands of farmers, the SKM aims to exert pressure on policymakers and hold them accountable for their promises.

Political analysts believe that the gherao could further erode the credibility of the ruling party if it fails to address farmers’ demands. At the same time, opposition parties may seek to capitalize on the unrest to gain political mileage.

The Road Ahead

The success of the gherao will depend on several factors, including the response from the Punjab government and the participation of farmers from various regions. The SKM has reiterated its commitment to peaceful protest and dialogue, urging the government to engage in meaningful negotiations.

In the long run, the farmers’ movement is likely to continue advocating for structural reforms in the agricultural sector. The SKM has called for greater investment in rural infrastructure, better access to credit and insurance, and policies that prioritize the welfare of small and marginal farmers.

The Samyukta Kisan Morcha’s decision to gherao the Punjab Assembly on March 26 is a powerful expression of farmers’ frustration and determination. By taking this bold step, the SKM aims to keep the spotlight on the unresolved issues facing the agricultural community and push for meaningful policy changes. As the date approaches, all eyes will be on Punjab to see how this protest unfolds and whether it leads to the desired outcomes for the farmers.